Li Z, Dufalla N, Mu F, Vandenbossche JM (2013) Bonded concrete overlay of asphalt pavements mechanistic-empirical design guide (BCOA-ME).
Wang H, Al-Qadi IL (2010) Near-surface pavement failure under multiaxial stress state in thick asphalt pavement. J Mater Civ Eng 18(4):492–499īuttlar WG, Paulino GH, Song SH (2006) Application of graded finite elements for asphalt pavements.
Nazarian S, Alvarado G (2006) Impact of temperature gradient on modulus of asphaltic concrete layers. In: Transportation research record 1473, TRB, National Research Council, Washington, D.C., pp 55–62 Kim YR, Hibbs BO, Lee Y (1995) Temperature correction of deflections and backcalculated asphalt concrete moduli. The method is validated by comparing layer moduli obtained from the proposed method and other backcalculation softwares. The method utilizes results from a typical nondestructive test in the field applying the falling weight deflectometer and techniques of the fast Fourier transform, finite element model updating, kriging model and artificial intelligence. This paper aims to propose a method to obtain layer moduli of flexible pavements at different loading frequencies, which include a power function describing the modulus gradient of AC layers.
Since the modulus gradient directly affects critical responses and performance of pavements, the determination of the modulus gradient of AC layers is necessary for the evaluation, maintenance and rehabilitation of flexible pavements. The variation of the modulus with depth results from the synthetical effect of material properties, the service time of pavements, loading and environmental conditions. The modulus gradient of asphalt concrete (AC) layers is an important feature of flexible pavements.
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